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Post 9/11 Law Enforcement Response to Terrorism Essay

Compare and contrast the pre and post 9/11 law enforcement response to terrorism. What strategies could be implemented to increase future law enforcement capability in countering terrorism? â€Å"We’re in a new world. We’re in a world in which the possibility of terrorism, married up with technology, could make us very, very sorry that we didn’t act.† (Rice, 2002). Law enforcement response to counter-terrorism fundamentally changed as a result of the unprecedented events of September 11th 2001 in New York and Washington (Kaldas, 2002, p61-62). This essay will examine how law enforcement has evolved in response to the changing nature of terrorism, with an emphasis on how this has impacted Australia. An analysis of arrests and subsequent†¦show more content†¦(The Counter-Terrorism White Paper, 2010, p 57). In December 2005 ‘Control Orders’ became part of the Commonwealth Criminal Code Act (1995) to assist law enforcement in responding to terrorism threats (The Counter-Terrorism White Paper, 2010, p 57). Issued by a court, at the request of the AFP, an individual could be prohibited or restricted in movement, for the express purpose of protecting the public from a terrorist act. Such restrictions may comprise of curfews, electronic monitoring devices, restrictions of telecommunications, specified reporting to police and other measures. Jack Thomas (August 2006) and David Hicks (December 2007) are the only two individuals who have been issued control orders in Australia by law enforcement. (Jaggers, B. April 2008). para 1). In 2010, the Australian Federal Government released its Counter-Terrorism White Paper. It stipulates that Australia’s counter-terrorism strategy has four fundamental key points: (The Counter-Terrorism White Paper, 2010, p iii) Analysis - focussed on prevention through intelligence, protection - focussed on border management and increased airport security, Response - cooperative relationships between Intelligence, security and Law enforcement agencies nationally and Resilience - Unified rejectionShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast the Pre and Post 9/11 Law Enforcement Response to Terrorism. What Strategies Could Be Implemented to Increase Future Law Enforcement Capability in Countering Terrorism?2421 Words   |  10 Pagescontrast the pre and post 9/11 law enforcement response to terrorism. What strategies could be implemented to increase future law enforcement capability in countering terrorism? Andrew McAdam Student Number: Word Count: â€Å"Things will never be the same.† (Miller, Stone Mitchell, 2002, p. 3) Law enforcement has undergone dramatic changes as a result of the devastating events in the United States on 11 September 2001 (9/11). This essay will examine how law enforcement, specifically withinRead MoreAfter The 9/11 Attack, Many Agencies DidnT Know What To1630 Words   |  7 PagesAfter the 9/11 attack, many agencies didn t know what to do with the situation of the towers been blown up by airplanes and that terrorism was the cause of it, that s why President Bush created a new defense called Homeland Security to prevent that from happening again. He had to arrange everything in the Criminal Justice system to place it together, but in order for everything to go out smoothly federal agencies will need the help of local law enforcement because they will be the first respondersRead MoreIt Comes To Light That Police Departments Across The States1741 Words   |  7 PagesIt comes to light that polic e departments across the states play an important role in fighting and preventing terrorism. They are being trained to learn and investigate local terrorist threats throughout the United States, and to make sure the community is protected from such harm. In to do so police officers will have to extend they stay in the community and be involved in such activities and improve the community trust, another thing they will have to do is to build a partnership with other localRead MoreTerrorism Attacks On The World Trade Center And Pentagon1481 Words   |  6 Pagesterrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon on 11 September 2001, there have been different U.S. strategies to try and combat the rise of global terrorism. The attacks made the entire world all too aware of the scale and scope of threats that terrorism can carry. The post-9/11 global climate has thus seen a shift in awareness of and response to terrorist threats. For the last thirteen years now the United States h as denoted terrorism as one of the largest threats to national security andRead More9/11 Essay on law1587 Words   |  7 PagesThe events surrounding the September 11 attacks on the United States of America have often been shrouded in a cloud of controversy and mystery, with no one individual seemingly able to apprehend the â€Å"true† details of the terror attack. Many proposed theories have been brought forth, the most widely accepted being that of co-ordinated attacks by terrorist organisation â€Å"Al-Qaeda†. â€Å"9/11†, as the event is commonly known, is simply one of many global terrorism attacks that have seemingly consumed theRead MoreAustrali Pre And Post 9 / 11 Law Enforcement Response783 Words   |  4 PagesAustralia – Pre and Post 9/11 Law Enforcement Response By Felicity Collins Prior to September 11, 2001, Australia lacked national anti-terrorism laws, with all but one of the states and territories handling politically motivated violent actions under various statutes of criminal law (Williams, 2011). The Northern Territory was the only jurisdiction who held their own specific legislation making terrorism a criminal offence (Parliament of Australia [PA], n.d.-a). On September 11, 2001, in an incidentRead MoreThe Law Enforcement Operations Model1619 Words   |  7 PagesAs discussed in the next section, some critics of these types of responses to transnational terrorism argue that a law enforcement operations model should be applied rather than the law of armed conflict because of the nature of the operations that are involved. For instance, Kels notes that human rights advocates â€Å"insist upon a legal geography of war, whereby states must apply a law enforcement (rather than armed conflict) model to any hostilities conducted outside of universally rec ognized hotRead MoreAmericas Effects On Homeland Security1698 Words   |  7 Pageswas founded under the Bush administration in 2003 due the attacks of September 11 was forever stay in the mind of the American public. It was a tragic event that scared the nation. The 9-11 attacks claimed 2,996 lives that included 19 hijackers. Neria, DiGrande, Adams, (2011) reported that an extensive amount of the post-9/11 research revealed that in the subsequent 10 years, individuals with greater contact to 9/11 had substantially higher PTSD issues. The PTSD was correlated with other factorsRead MoreThe Impact of September 11, 2001 Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesOn September 11, 2001 a series catastrophic events occurred in New York City, New York. Al-Qaeda planned strategically conducted events, known as suicide attacks. Nineteen al-Qaeda members hijacked four commercial airplanes, including United Airlines Flight 93, American Airlines Flight 11, American Airlines Flight 77 and United Airline s 175. Two of the planes purposely crashed into the World Trade Center buildings. In addition, another plane crashed into the Pentagon in Arlington, VA. and the fourthRead MoreWhat Impact Did 9 / 11 Have On Policing Essay809 Words   |  4 Pages1) What impact did 9/11 have on policing, and what relationship does it have with the four eras of policing? September 11, 2001 showed that there were weaknesses in communication and emergency response. It also significantly changed the role police have with the prevention of terrorist acts. As Oliver stated, â€Å"... policing in the post-September 11 environment is not only a response to the specific events...but also an amalgam of change brought about by various political, economic, and social factors

Irish Free Essays

Irish BY nckyb23 Irish Influencing America Ways The Irish traditions influence many things in American that we Americans really barely even realize The annual celebration of Saint Patrick’s Day is a generally known as a sign of the Irish existence in America. One of the largest celebrations of the Irish holiday takes place in New York, where the annual St. Patrick’s Day Parade draws anywhere to two million people. We will write a custom essay sample on Irish or any similar topic only for you Order Now The second-largest celebration is held in Boston at the South Boston Parade. It’s one the nation’s oldest dating back to 1737. On day like St. Patrick’s Day Irish music is played everywhere the same Irish song that date back o the 1700s Irish traditional music in the United States has its own history, both in recording culture and by live performances. Emigrants from Ireland brought their instruments and traditions to the United States since the earliest days of European colonization of the New World. The learning and playing of Irish music by first and second generation Irish-Americans helped the spread of Irish music. And then yet another is the widespread interest in the music. In the 1890s, Irish music entered a â€Å"golden age† centered on the lively scene in New York City. Though the golden age nded by the Great Depression, the 1950s saw a highpoint of Irish music, added by the foundation of the City Center Ballroom in New York where Irish gatherings are held. In the Depression and World War, Irish traditional music in New York was belittled by showband culture. Performers like Jack Coen, Paddy O’Brien, Larry Redican, and Paddy Reynolds kept the tradition alive in the United States, and were teachers of the music to Irish Americans. Many of the great Irish American performers like Andy McGann, Brian Conway, Joannie Madden, Jerry O’Sullivan, Liz Carroll and Billy McComiskey would achieve many accomplishments in the traditional usic usually associated with native Irish. Later Irish emigration to New York and beyond by James Keane, Mick Moloney, Paddy Keenan, and others through the 1960s, 1970s and 80s, ensured the music performed in America stayed The Irish music was such a big influence that it had people making collections like Francis O’Neill. He was a Chicago police chief who collected the single largest collection of Irish traditional music ever published. He was a flautist and piper who was part of a vibrant Irish community in Chicago at the time, one that included some forty thousand people, ncluding musicians from â€Å"all thirty-two counties of Ireland†, according to Nicholas Carolan, who referred to O’Neill as â€Å"the greatest individual influence on the evolution of Irish traditional dance music in the twentieth century† connected to Ireland. The Irish population didn’t only Just influence Americans to like there music they also had their influence in other positions in society. The Boston Celtics is a prime example of this. Many Irish immigrants came to Boston, New York, and Philadelphia ports on ships from Ireland. By the time the Boston Celtics basketball team started, Boston had a large Irish ethnic population. Celtic is another name for Irish, and these names are used often. Today Boston has the largest Irish population of any American city. The person who chose the name had an Irish friend named McHugh and decided to name the team Celtics. The Irish are known for green, and the Celtics uniforms are green. You can’t say Irish in American without pub behind it A pub is very important to the Irish people. It’s where they could sit back, relax, enjoy a few good stories, and share a goodtime with others. American-Irish people have made Pubs very popular simply for the aspect of the alcohol and traditional sing alongs. The two aspects have attracted more than Just Irish people. Folks of all ethnicities go to Irish pubs for a drink and have a good time. As you can see Irish Americans have been in America changing culture for many years and for those many year contributed to U. S. culture in a wide variety of fields: I only explained a few that really interest myself the most but they have influenced many other Aspects of Untied States culture like the fine and performing arts, film, literature, politics, and religion. Irish people have done a great deal of influencing American culture. How to cite Irish, Papers

Nano-Composites

Question: Describe about Nano-composites. Answer: Introduction to Nano-composites In the field of nanotechnology there are various things which are yet unknown or are still in the development phase. The NANCOMPOSITES is also a topic which is still under research and development phase. Nanocomposites are those composites which have the dimension in the nanometric range. Although the preparation process of nanocomposites is difficult to control, yet the importance of it cannot be overlooked. The nanocomposites have provided a great alternative to the monolithic and microcomposites. It is considered that when a particle is made into a size which is known as critical size of that material then it changes the parental properties. This is because as the size decreases the property of interaction at different phases changes and so does the property of the material. In the recent past, various nanocomposites such as carbon nanotubes and polyester have been discovered possessing excellent mechanical, thermal and electric properties which added a new dimension to the field of nanotechnology (Schmidt, 2012). The main advantage of the nanocomposites is that they are environment friendly beside it offers new technology and development day by day. The nano-composites are broadly classified into three groups, and they are as follows: Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites Metal Matrix Nanocomposites Ceramic Matrix Nanocomposites Properties The Nanocomposites possess some amazing properties which can be found in the larger sized or parental components. The properties which the nanocomposites possess are mechanical toughness, chemical stability, high thermal stability and good wear resistance (Gleiter, 2012). However, it also comes to the low toughness of ceramics which have been considered as a stumbling block when it comes to the wider use of nanocomposites in the industry. This limitation of nanocomposites have been overcome by the ceramic matrix nanocomposites which posses higher mechanical properties. The nanocomposites have high strength when we consider either the compressive force or the tension force. Furthermore, the more and more mixing of several materials, the wider the scope of the nano technology becomes (Roy, 2013). Different approaches are followed to find out a new composite which have some unique electrical, mechanical, magnetic, catalytic and optical properties. They have the potential to find out the applications in the field of aerospace and automobile industries. The metal matrix composites and the ceramic matrix nanocomposites shows great challenge to be used in the aerospace and automobile industry, but when it comes to real success, its brings some difficulties. The nanocomposites doesnt have only the advantages to be discussed about, rather it has some disadvantages too, which needs to be discussed. It has some fairly low strength of modulus when it is compared to the ceramic and the metal (Braun, 2011). Conclusion Considering the fact that as the year passes by, researcher are in a search of finding more and more newer technologies which could take over the conventional process of living. The nanocomposite shows the perfect promise to deliver the same and gives an edge to the scientists and researcher working on newer material which posses different properties from their parent. References Roy, R. (2013). Alternative perspectives on "quasi-crystallinity": non-uniformity and nanocomposites. New York, NY: Materials Letters. Schmidt ,D. (2012). New advances in polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites.NC, USA. Gleiter, S. (2012). Materials with ultrafine microstructures: retrospectives and perspectives.Nanostructured Materials., Vol. 1, pp. 1- 19. Braun, T. (2011). Nanoscience and nanotechnology on the balance.Scientometrics, Vol. 38, pp. 21-325.